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At the end of the Second World War, a diagnosis of cancer was a death sentence. Sixty years later, it is considered a chronic disease rather than one that is invariably fatal. Although survival rates have improved, the very word continues to evoke a special terror and guilt, inspiring scientists and politicians to wage war against it. In Under the Radar, Ellen Leopold shows how nearly every aspect of our understanding and discussion of cancer bears the imprint of its Cold War entanglement. The current biases toward individual rather than corporate responsibility for rising incidence rates, research that promotes treatment rather than prevention, and therapies that can be patented and marketed all reflect a largely hidden history shaped by the Cold War. Even the language we use to describe the disease, such as the guiding metaphor for treatment, "fight fire with fire," can be traced back to the middle of the twentieth century. Writing in a lucid style, Leopold documents the military, governmental, industrial, and medical views of radiation and atomic energy to examine the postwar response to cancer through the prism of the Cold War. She explores the role of radiation in cancer therapies today, using case studies and mammogram screening, in particular, to highlight the surprising parallels. Taking into account a wide array of disciplines, this book challenges our understanding of cancer and how we approach its treatment. Examines the postwar response to cancer through the prism of the Cold War Goes beyond medical science to look at the influence of Cold War policies on the way we think about cancer today Links the experience of postwar cancer patients with the broader evolution of what have become cancer industries Traces the history of human-made radiation as a state-sponsored environmental toxin

Radiotherapy --- Radioactive Fallout --- Patient Rights --- Human Experimentation --- History, 20th Century --- Cobalt Radioisotopes --- Neoplasms --- Radiation carcinogenesis --- Radioactive fallout --- Informed consent (Medical law) --- Cold War --- Cobalt --- Cancer --- World politics --- Transition metals --- Cancers --- Carcinoma --- Malignancy (Cancer) --- Malignant tumors --- Tumors --- Radiation-induced cancer --- Radiation-induced tumors --- Tumors, Radiation-induced --- Carcinogenesis --- Radiation injuries --- Dust, Radioactive --- Fallout, Radioactive --- Radioactive dust --- Atomic bomb --- Fallout shelters --- Fission products --- Hydrogen bomb --- Nuclear energy and meteorology --- Radioactive pollution --- Radioactive pollution of the atmosphere --- Radioactive substances --- Benign Neoplasms --- Malignancy --- Malignant Neoplasms --- Neoplasia --- Neoplasm --- Neoplasms, Benign --- Benign Neoplasm --- Malignancies --- Malignant Neoplasm --- Neoplasias --- Neoplasm, Benign --- Neoplasm, Malignant --- Neoplasms, Malignant --- Tumor --- Medical Oncology --- Radioisotopes, Cobalt --- 20th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 20th Cent. History of Medicine --- 20th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 20th Century --- History of Medicine, 20th Cent. --- History, Twentieth Century --- Medical History, 20th Cent. --- Medicine, 20th Cent. --- 20th Century History --- 20th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 20th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 20th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 20th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 20th --- Century Histories, Twentieth --- Century History, 20th --- Century History, Twentieth --- Histories, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 20th Century --- Histories, Twentieth Century --- History, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Twentieth Century Histories --- Twentieth Century History --- Human Research Subject Protection --- Experimentation, Human --- Helsinki Declaration --- Bioethical Issues --- Ethics, Research --- Embryo Research --- Fetal Research --- Research Subjects --- Patient's Rights --- Patients' Rights --- Right to Treatment --- Patient Right --- Patient's Right --- Patients Rights --- Patients' Right --- Right to Treatments --- Right, Patient --- Right, Patient's --- Right, Patients' --- Rights, Patient --- Rights, Patient's --- Rights, Patients' --- Treatment, Right to --- Treatments, Right to --- Patient Advocacy --- Truth Disclosure --- Fallouts, Radioactive --- Radioactive Fallouts --- Atomic Bomb Survivors --- Nuclear Warfare --- Radiation Therapy --- Radiation Therapy, Targeted --- Radiation Treatment --- Targeted Radiation Therapy --- Radiotherapy, Targeted --- Targeted Radiotherapy --- Radiation Therapies --- Radiation Therapies, Targeted --- Radiation Treatments --- Radiotherapies --- Radiotherapies, Targeted --- Targeted Radiation Therapies --- Targeted Radiotherapies --- Therapies, Radiation --- Therapies, Targeted Radiation --- Therapy, Radiation --- Therapy, Targeted Radiation --- Treatment, Radiation --- Disease --- Radiation --- history --- Health aspects --- Isotopes --- Therapeutic use --- History --- radiotherapy --- therapeutic use